Let us see the important parts of a washing machine – this will also help us
understand the inner workings of the washing machine and what it does to get
your clothes so clean. Please refer to the diagram below showing the various
parts of a washing machine.
1) Water inlet control valve: Near the water inlet point of the washing
machine there is water inlet control valve. When you load the clothes in washing
machine, this valve gets opened automatically and it closes automatically
depending on the total quantity of the water required. The water control valve
is actually the solenoid valve.
2) Water pump: The water pump circulates water through the washing machine.
It works in two directions, re-circulating the water during wash cycle and
draining the water during the spin cycle.
3) Tub: There are two types of tubs in the washing washing machine: inner and
outer. The clothes are loaded in the inner tub, where the clothes are washed,
rinsed and dried. The inner tub has small holes for draining the water. The
external tub covers the inner tub and supports it during various cycles of
clothes washing.
4) Agitator or rotating disc: The agitator is located inside the tub of the
washing machine. It is the important part of the washing machine that actually
performs the cleaning operation of the clothes. During the wash cycle the
agitator rotates continuously and produces strong rotating currents within the
water due to which the clothes also rotate inside the tub. The rotation of the
clothes within water containing the detergent enables the removal of the dirt
particles from the fabric of the clothes. Thus the agitator produces most
important function of rubbing the clothes with each other as well as with
water.
In some washing machines, instead of the long agitator, there is a disc that
contains blades on its upper side. The rotation of the disc and the blades
produce strong currents within the water and the rubbing of clothes that helps
in removing the dirt from clothes.
5) Motor of the washing machine: The motor is coupled to the agitator or the
disc and produces rotation. These are multispeed motors, whose speed can be
changed as per the requirement. In the fully automatic washing machine the speed
of the motor i.e. the agitator changes automatically as per the load on the
washing machine.
6) Timer: The timer helps setting the wash time for the clothes manually. In
the automatic mode the time is set automatically depending upon the number of
clothes inside the washing machine and the type of wash cycle being
performed.
7) Printed circuit board (PCB): The PCB comprises the various electronic
components and circuits which are programmed to perform in unique ways depending
on the load conditions (the condition and the amount of clothes loaded in the
washing machine). They are sort of artificial intelligence devices that sense
the various external conditions and make the decisions accordingly. These are
also called fuzzy logic systems. Thus the PCB will calculate the total weight of
the clothes, and find out the quantity of water and detergent required, and the
total time required for washing the clothes. Then they will decide the time
required for washing and rinsing.
8) Drain pipe: The drain pipe enables removing the dirty water from the
washing that has been used for the washing purpose.
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